Interestingly the first translation of Dhammapada to a European language was also in Latin by Dr. Fausboll , but this happened only in ! It is interesting is to compare the Kural's translation history with that of Bhagavad Gita.
A Latin translation of Bhagavad Gita appeared only in the year by Schlegel. Though the Kural was officially translated into German by A.
Cammera in , the Gita got this distinction with Von Humbolt's work only in Thanks to E. Ariel, the Kural's first translation in French appeared in , just two years after the Gita was translated into French by Lassens. Interestingly, an unknown author had translated the Kural into French in itself, the manuscript of which had been deposited in the Bibliotheque Nationale of France, Paris.
Not withstanding this neck-to-neck translation rivalry between Kural and Gita, the distinction of the first ever Indian classic being translated into an European language apparently goes to a selection of sloka s of Bhartrihari into Dutch in Some of the well known translations in English include those by G.
Pope, W. Iyer, K. Srinivasan, C. Rajagopalachari and P. Some of these English translations and many others' are now available on the net. Some important translations of Tirukkural in English on the internet. Hosted by.
Satguru Sivaya Subramuniyaswami. Tamil Nation. Himalayan Academy. The Holy Kural. Angel Web Services. Thiru Kural. Agaram at Blospot. Agaram Tirukkural. Pope, Drew and Lazarus. Project Madurai.
Close to the original. It spite of its translation into more than 30 languages of the world perhaps into 60 or 80 languages as mentioned before , hardly any translations — other than in English — are available on the net. The idea here is to present the Kural in all the major languages of the world including all the Indian languages.
The most difficult part in this exercise is procuring copies of the Kural that were translated during first half of 20 th century. Many of them are out of print and subsequent editions have not been produced.
In some languages like English, Malayalam, Telugu, Bengali and Kannada new translations continue to be produced every year, while in some like French, Latin and Urdu new editions or reprints of the old translations are published.
However for many other languages like Marathi, Chinese and Sinhalese, the only source is the old publications available in libraries. The translations being presented here are not necessarily the best ones available in that respective language. In most cases there is no choice as it is difficult to obtain more than one translation for comparison. Another hindrance is my lack of knowledge in languages other than Tamil, English and to some extent Malayalam.
There is no choice in the case of Arabic, Punjabi, Finnish and Konkani as the Kural has been translated into only once in these languages. I have given preference to translations in verse, but the Kural has been translated only in prose in many languages like Arabic, Konkani, Marathi. Before we proceed to the different translations, a word of caution about translation of any classic.
The Kural contains maxims of mandatory ethics and at least the message does not get lost if properly translated. What about its poetic excellence?
Kamil Zvelebil, the renowned Czech Tamil scholar had this to say:. So if you know Tamil, click here to view the original couplets along with interpretation in modern Tamil. June, Mahapatra, R. Translations of Tirukkural into English and other Indian languages — some aspects. In: On Translations. As it can be noted, the list below mentions only the place and the year of publication. Anyone who has any more info particularly the name of the publisher and also any other related works not mentioned, PLEASE send me the details so that I can complete this list and make it available to the benefit of internet community at large.
It is very difficult to get a copy of the book through a bookseller or through a library if full bibliographic details are not available. U, A collection of the english translation of thirukural, Madras, Popely, H. D, thirukural selections in verse , Madras, Thirunavukarasu, Mrs, T. L, Na. Charles E. William Henry Drew , and John Lazarus Thirukural in verses Madras Partial—Prose Lazarus revised Drew's work and translated the remaining portion couplets to in prose as done by Drew, thus making the incomplete work of Drew a complete one.
How can he be possessed of kindness, who, to increase his own flesh, eats the flesh of other creatures? George Uglow Pope A Collection of the English Translation of Thirukural Madras Complete—Verse First complete translation in English by a single author How can the wont of 'kindly grace' to him be known, Who other creatures' flesh consumes to feed his own?
Sabaratna Mudaliyar Kural Madras A. Ramachandra Dikshitar Thirukural in English with Roman Translation Madras Complete—Prose He who fattens on the flesh of animals, can he ever understand the rule of love?
Raja Thirukural in verses Kumbakonam A. Chakravarti Thirukural in English with Commentary Madras Complete—Prose How can a person cultivate the habit of universal benevolence if he for the purpose of fattening his own flesh body eats flesh of other animals? Balasubramaniam Thirukural of Thiruvalluvar Madras Complete—Verse How can the one who eats a flesh to have his own flesh swell Possess a melting heart in which compassion could e'er dwell?
Soundararajan Complete—Prose Emmons E. Sriramadesikan Tirukkural Madras Gangai Puthaka Nilayam Complete—Prose Reprinted in , , and How can a person be held to be compassionate when he slays animals and eat their flesh, for fattening his own body? Second edition was published in How can he be possessed of grace, who, to swell his own flesh, eats the flesh of others! Ramalingam Pillai K.
Srinivasa Iyengar Tirukkural Calcutta M. Birla Foundation Complete—Verse M. Chellappan Kural—Portraits: Dr. Kalaignar M. Karunanidhi's Kuralovium, a Translation from Tamil by K. Swaminathan T. Kallapiran D. Reprinted in Hardly any mercy is left in the minds of those who build their bodies with the flesh of other beings.
Padmanabhan Thirukkural with English Explanation Chennai Manimekalai Prasuram Complete—Prose How can you consider the person eating the flesh of other creatures to strengthen his own, as merciful? Ramalingam Thirukkural Commentary in Tamil and English Chennai Thiruvalluvar Pathippagam Complete—Prose [32] How can one be kind hearted when he eats the flesh of other beings to increase his own flesh?
Gopalakrishnan Tirukkural—Thiruvalluvar Karutthurai Chidambaram Meiyappan Padhippagam Complete—Prose Authored both Tamil commentary and English translation How can one possess kindness towards the living beings; when he himself eats the flesh of other living beings to increase his own flesh? How would one, who kills the body of another being, and eats the meat of that being in order to enlarge one's own body, become one, who nurtures Arul 'compassion'?
Guruparan Thirukkural: English Translation Chennai Mayilavan Padhippagam Complete—Verse a If one eats the flesh of another creature to fatten his body How can he be a charitable person? How can one made of flesh another's flesh eat? Vasantha Partial—Prose How can one be merciful if one eats flesh of animals to develop his corporeal frame?
Pattu M. Berwick Na. Thirukkurala Fiji Paul Geraghty Tirukurali Na sere tabu Fiji Complete E rawa vakacava ni yalololoma e dua ni dau kania na lewenimanumanu me ikuri ni lewe ni yogona. London and Leipzig F. Brockhaus [35] Complete Published as the third volume pages of the four-volume work Bibliotheca Tamulica sive Opera Praecipia Tamuliensium Wer, das eigne Fleisch zu mehren, fremdes Fleisch geniesst, — wie wird Der der Huld pflegen?
Fenz Albrecht and K. Jain Thirukural Thirupananthal Republished in Kobalen Tuntunan Bijak: Dari Masa ke Masa [Tirukural by Tiruwalluar] Complete—Prose Bagaimana seseorang mungkin memiliki sifat iba, yang memiliki maksud menambah daging jasadnya sendiri, akan memakan daging hewan lain. Serie tre Dept. Gundappa Thirukural 3 parts Madras Complete P. Munusamy Thirukural in Kannada [37] K. Translation released on 23 June Karl Graul Kural of Tiruvalluver.
High-Tamil Text with Translation into Common Tamil and Latin, Notes and Glossary Tranquebar Published as the fourth volume pages of the four-volume work Bibliotheca Tamulica sive Opera Praecipia Tamuliensium Qui ut suam earnem augeat, alienas carnes comedit, quomodo is benevolentia utetur? Bagaimanakah orang, yang membunuh tubuh makhluk lain, dan makan daging makhluk itu untuk membesarkan badannya sendiri, akan menjadi orang, yang memelihara arul belas kasihan? Republished in Published with the original Tamil verse transliterated in Malayam and a Malayalam commentary in prose.
Books, Kottayam in M. Officially published Third edition in and fourth edition in First appeared in Lokamitra journal. Glazov and A. Not translated V. Richard V.
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