Congress can override a presidential veto with a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate , but this is very difficult to achieve. Even the threat of a veto allows the president to influence debate on legislation in Congress before a bill is passed, and pressure legislators to make changes to a bill to avoid the veto. Once both houses of Congress approve the same version of a bill or joint resolution, it goes to the president, who has 10 days not including Sundays to act on that legislation.
If the president takes no action on a bill within 10 days, and Congress is in session, the bill automatically becomes law. Once a president has sent a bill back to Congress, he cannot change his mind and ask for it back. Ulysses S. Grant tried to do this twice during his presidency, but Congress refused to comply. In this case, the bill will not become law, and Congress must begin the process all over again if it wants to revive the legislation. The pocket veto is an absolute veto, which Congress cannot override.
In the early s, after both Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford attempted to use the pocket veto during brief adjournments during a congressional session, the U. Court of Appeals for Washington , D. Congress can override a regular presidential veto with a two-thirds vote of those present in both the House and the Senate.
As of , presidents had vetoed more than 2, bills, and Congress had overridden less than 5 percent of those vetoes. The Constitution does not give the president the ability to reject parts of a bill and approve the remainder—or line-item veto power—which most state governors have.
Since the s, more than amendments have been proposed to change this, but none have been passed. In , Congress passed a law giving the president the line-item veto, but the Supreme Court later ruled it unconstitutional on the grounds that it gave the president more power than the Constitution allowed.
For that reason, the majority of vetoes before were on constitutional grounds. Then came Andrew Jackson. Only the fourth president to use the veto power, he openly declared he was vetoing bills based on political, rather than constitutional grounds. Why do you think the Framers of the Constitution required a two-thirds majority of the House and the Senate to override a presidential veto? Is there anything about the veto process that you would change?
Does the veto system help sustain the system of checks and balances, or does it grant too much power to the President? Explain your answer. Teacher Resources. Download Lesson Plan. Download Worksheet. View On EdPuzzle. Sign up for our educators newsletter to learn about new content!
Sign Up. Get updated about new videos! Learn More. Rybicki, Elizabeth. Veto Override Procedure in the House and Senate. Senate: Vetoes, to Present. Academy 4SC. Have these powers been abused in the past? Several attempts have been made to give the President "line-item veto" power, but all have failed Congress passed a law in granting line-item veto power to the President, but the Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional in Clinton v.
City of New York, U. Ask students to research this power, especially why it has been proposed, the arguments for and against the power, and the results of the court decision. How would this power, if used, affect the legislative process as a whole?
Construct line-item veto legislation that would be considered constitutional by the Supreme Court. Article I, Section 7, clause 2 of the U. Veto message of President Franklin D. Roosevelt to the House of Representatives returning H.
List of all presidential vetoes and congressional veto overrides. Veto Override Procedure in the House and Senate. If you have problems viewing this page, please contact legislative. Top Skip to main content. Rationale: To understand the veto process and why it is used. Hayes 12 1 13 1 47th James A. Arthur 4 8 12 1 49th—50th Grover Cleveland 2 51st—52nd Benjamin Harrison 19 25 44 1 53rd—54th Grover Cleveland 42 5 55th—57th William McKinley 6 36 Taft 30 9 39 1 63rd—66th Woodrow Wilson 33 11 44 6 67th Warren G.
Harding 5 1 Hoover 21 16 37 3 73rd—79th Franklin D. Roosevelt 9 79th—82nd Harry S. Truman 70 12 83rd—86th Dwight D. Eisenhower 73 2 87th—88th John F. Kennedy 12 9 Johnson 16 14 Nixon 26 17 43 7 93rd—94th Gerald R.
Bush 1 29 15 44 1 rd—th William J.
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